Countries with a wealth tax 2026: all 13 listed

Thirteen of the 153 countries TaxPilot covers charge an annual wealth tax in 2026: Algeria, Argentina, Bolivia, Colombia, France, Italy, Liechtenstein, Norway, Spain, Suriname, Switzerland, Tunisia and Uruguay. Rates go as high as 2.4% in Bolivia but can be under 0.1% a year in a low-tax Swiss canton such as Zug, and the starting points vary just as much: Norway taxes net wealth above NOK 1.9 million (about US$200,000), while Bolivia only starts at Bs 30 million (about US$2.6m).

Not every wealth tax works the same way. Most tax residents on what they own worldwide, but France only taxes property, Italy only taxes assets held abroad, and Uruguay only taxes assets in Uruguay. Liechtenstein adds 4% of your wealth to your taxable income instead of charging a separate rate.

This guide lists each tax with its name, rates, threshold and who pays it, then shows how it changes TaxPilot's ratings for retirees, investors and crypto holders. Figures are for the 2026 tax year.

What's changed: Tunisia brought in a wealth tax from 1 January 2026, replacing its 2023 tax on real estate wealth. Argentina's Bienes Personales keeps falling, from a top rate of 1% for 2025 to 0.75% for 2026 and a flat 0.25% from 2027. Norway raised its threshold from NOK 1.76 million to NOK 1.9 million, and its 2027 budget would raise it to NOK 1.99 million (Proposed, not law). In Colombia the 1.5% band applies only up to 2026, and a bill filed in July 2026 would lower the threshold to 40,000 UVT from 2027 (Proposed, not law). Algeria's wealth tax return is now filed online every four years. Since Bolivia's currency started to float, its Bs 30 million threshold is worth much less in dollars. Hungary published a draft wealth tax on 6 October 2026, which is Proposed, not law.

Which countries have a wealth tax?

📋 Countries with a wealth tax in 2026

The graphic shows eight of the 13 wealth taxes: Spain from €700,000 in most regions, Switzerland's cantonal tax (about 0.2% a year on CHF 1m in Zurich), Norway at 1.0% above NOK 1.9 million, France's IFI at 0.5% to 1.5% on property above €1.3 million, Italy's 0.2% and 1.06% on foreign assets, Colombia at 0.5% to 1.5%, Argentina at 0.5% to 0.75% and Bolivia at 1.4% to 2.4%, each with its TaxPilot Investment income rating.

How we treat wealth tax in our ratings

TaxPilot rates 153 countries on 2026 rules, using the all-in cost including compulsory social security and health contributions. A wealth tax matters most for three of our profiles:

• Retirees: a US$40k foreign pension plus US$20k of investment income. Excellent is 5% or less with no death tax payable by a spouse or children, Good 15% or less, Moderate over 15% and up to 25%, Poor over 25%.

• Investment income: a US$1m portfolio earning 4% income and 4% realised gains. Excellent is untaxed, with health contributions counted as a cost, Good 15% or less, Moderate over 15% and up to 30%, Poor over 30%.

• Crypto gains: a US$100k gain on crypto held over 12 months. Excellent is exempt by law or official guidance, Good untaxed by default (with a trading risk) or 15% or less, Moderate over 15% and up to 30% or unclear, Poor over 30%, including where the rules are unclear but a gain would most likely be taxed at more than 30%.

Each band includes its upper limit, so exactly 15% is Good.

Where a wealth tax reaches the assets in the scenario, it moves these three ratings down one level. Crypto is only moved where the retiree scenario is caught too. Where it doesn't, because the scenario is under the threshold or the tax doesn't cover those assets, the rating is left alone. That's why Bolivia, Colombia and Tunisia have wealth taxes but keep their ratings: a US$1m portfolio sits under their thresholds. Algeria's tax leaves out shares, and Uruguay's only reaches assets in Uruguay. Spain is in between: the US$1m portfolio is over its €700,000 threshold but the retiree and crypto scenarios aren't, so only Investment income moves. France is the one case where we apply the rule even though a share portfolio is outside its property-only IFI.

Each wealth tax explained

Algeria

The impôt sur la fortune charges 0.15%, rising to 1% above DZD 450 million, on net assets above DZD 100 million. If you're domiciled in Algeria, assets abroad count. Shares in companies (other than companies that just hold your own investments), business assets and let property are left out, and so is your main home if it's worth up to DZD 450 million. The return covers property, larger cars and motorbikes, yachts, private aircraft, racehorses and art worth over DZD 500,000, and it's now filed online every four years, by 30 April.

In our reading the tax doesn't reach a share portfolio, so we haven't moved the ratings down. Investment income is Moderate at about 22.8%, and Retirees is Poor at about 31.8% because foreign pensions and dividends go on the 0% to 35% scale. Crypto is Poor: there's no tax rule for it, but a gain would most likely go on the scale too, at about 33.2%.

👉 DGI: Code des impôts directs 2026, articles 274 to 281 noniès on the wealth tax (in French)

👉 Algeria expat tax guide

Argentina

Bienes Personales is charged on residents' worldwide assets and on non-residents' assets in Argentina. For 2026 the rates are 0.5% and 0.75% on net assets above the threshold, falling to a flat 0.25% from 2027. For the 2025 tax year the threshold was ARS 384.7 million, and a main home was exempt up to about ARS 1.35 billion; both figures are updated for inflation each year. Returns are due in June of the following year. If you paid five years upfront under the REIBP regime, 2023 to 2027 are already settled.

You become resident after 12 months on temporary permits, or when you get permanent residence. Foreigners posted to Argentina for up to five years stay non-resident, so the tax only reaches their Argentine assets. The wealth tax moves Retirees (about 24.0%) and Investment income (about 17.0%) down to Poor, and Crypto, where gains are taxed at 15%, down to Moderate.

👉 Argentina expat tax guide

Bolivia

The tax on large fortunes (IGF) is the exception to Bolivia's light touch on foreign income. Residents pay it on net wealth in Bolivia and abroad on 31 December above Bs 30 million: 1.4% less Bs 150,000 up to Bs 40 million, 1.9% less Bs 350,000 up to Bs 50 million, and 2.4% less Bs 600,000 above that. Loans from regulated Bolivian lenders are deducted and household goods are left out. For this tax you're resident after more than 183 days in Bolivia, in one stretch or several, in any 12 months.

The threshold is fixed in bolivianos, so since the float it's about US$2.6m. A US$1m portfolio is about Bs 11.7 million, well under it, so the wealth tax doesn't move our ratings. Investment income is Excellent at 0%, as Bolivia doesn't tax foreign income. Retirees is also 0% but rated Good, because gift and inheritance tax of 1% applies within the close family, on registered assets.

👉 SIN: Law 1357, the tax on large fortunes, rates and threshold (in Spanish)

👉 Bolivia expat tax guide

Colombia

Residents pay wealth tax on worldwide net wealth if it's 72,000 UVT or more on 1 January (about COP 3.77 billion, or US$1.18m). The rate is 0.5% on the part between 72,000 and 122,000 UVT, 1% on the part up to 239,000 UVT and 1.5% on the part above that, and the 1.5% band applies only up to 2026. Non-residents pay only on wealth held in Colombia. A bill filed in July 2026 would lower the threshold to 40,000 UVT from 2027: Proposed, not law.

US$1m is about 61,100 UVT, under the threshold, so there's no wealth tax in our scenarios. Investment income is Good at about 14.1% and Retirees Good at about 0.7%.

👉 Estatuto Tributario, articles 206, 242, 254-1, 296-3, 300, 302 and 314: pensions, dividends, wealth tax and occasional gains (DIAN compilation, in Spanish)

👉 Colombia expat tax guide

France

France only taxes property. The IFI applies if your net real estate is worth more than €1.3 million on 1 January, at rates from 0.5% to 1.5%, with 30% off your main home. It covers property and shares in property companies, not an ordinary portfolio of listed shares and bonds. If you weren't French tax resident in the five years before you arrive, you pay IFI only on property in France until 31 December of the fifth year after you settle. That relief has no employment condition, so retirees and investors can use it too.

Our ratings still count France as a wealth tax country. Retirees is Poor: about 15.3% on the pension scenario, with the IFI and inheritance tax of up to 45% for children on top. Investment income and Crypto are Poor anyway at 31.4%.

👉 Service-Public.fr: the property wealth tax, IFI (in French)

👉 France expat tax guide

Italy

Italy charges two yearly taxes on what you own abroad, and we treat them as wealth taxes in our ratings. IVAFE is 0.2% of the value of foreign financial assets, or 0.4% if they're held in a jurisdiction on Italy's privileged tax regime list. Foreign bank accounts pay a fixed €34.20 each instead, or nothing if the average balance is €5,000 or less. IVIE is 1.06% of the value of foreign property.

These taxes move Investment income from Moderate to Poor: about 26.0% on dividends, interest and gains, plus 0.2% a year on financial assets held abroad. Retirees (about 27.0%) and Crypto (33%) are Poor anyway.

👉 Agenzia delle Entrate: IVAFE rates (in Italian)

👉 Agenzia delle Entrate: IVIE rate (in Italian)

👉 Italy expat tax guide

Liechtenstein

Liechtenstein has one tax on wealth and income. Your net wealth at the start of the year is multiplied by 4%, and that standardised return (the Sollertrag) is added to your salary, business profit and pensions and taxed on the normal scale. In return, dividends, interest and gains on private assets aren't taxed. There's no savings allowance: the only exempt amount is CHF 26,400 for household goods and private cars. Foreign property and foreign business premises are left out, though they still count towards your rate. For most people it works out at well under 1% of their wealth a year.

Because the 4% charge on net wealth counts as a wealth tax in our ratings, we move them down a level: Retirees is Good at about 0.9%, Investment income Moderate at about 2.5% and Crypto Good, as private gains are tax free. From 2026 the government must review the 4% rate every four years.

👉 Liechtenstein Tax Act (SteG): articles 5, 10 to 15 and 19 on wealth, the 4% deemed return and exempt income (in German)

👉 Liechtenstein expat tax guide

Norway

Norway is one of the few European countries that still taxes wealth. In 2026, net wealth above NOK 1.9 million (about US$200,000) is taxed at 1.0%: 0.35% to your municipality and 0.65% to the state. Above NOK 21.5 million the state rate rises to 0.75%, for 1.1% in total. Shares are valued at 80% and your main home at 25%, and married couples have double the thresholds. The 2027 budget would raise the threshold to NOK 1.99 million: Proposed, not law.

The wealth tax moves Retirees and Crypto down a level. Retirees is Poor at about 27.4% (about 24.1% before wealth tax), and Crypto is Poor because holdings count at their 1 January value on top of 22% on gains. Investment income is Poor anyway, at about 42.0% including wealth tax.

👉 Norwegian Tax Administration: wealth tax rates

👉 Norway expat tax guide

Spain

Spain's wealth tax is charged on net worldwide assets above €700,000 per person, plus a €300,000 exemption for your main home. Catalonia uses a lower €500,000 threshold, while Valencia uses €2 million. Madrid, Andalucía, Cantabria, Extremadura, La Rioja and Murcia give 100% relief, but a national solidarity tax on fortunes above €3 million means the very wealthy pay something everywhere. Crypto counts towards it, and returns are due between early April and 30 June, with the income tax return.

We apply the rule to Investment income only, because the US$1m portfolio is over €700,000: it's Poor at about 21.4%, or Moderate in Madrid or Andalucía. The retiree and crypto scenarios sit under the threshold, so Retirees (about 19.7%) and Crypto (about 21.7%) stay Moderate.

👉 Spain expat tax guide

Suriname

Under the Wealth Tax Act 1944, residents pay 0.8% a year on their net worldwide assets, valued on 1 January. The allowance in the Act is still in old Surinamese guilders, so it's now negligible. Household goods and pension rights aren't counted, and the Tax Department's 2025 return asks residents to report assets abroad. On a US$1m portfolio that's about SRD 300,000 (US$8,000) a year.

The wealth tax moves Investment income from Moderate to Poor (about 16.8% before it) and Crypto down to Moderate, as Suriname has no capital gains tax. Retirees is Poor anyway, at about 35.1%.

👉 National Assembly: Wealth Tax Act 1944, the 0.8% rate (in Dutch)

👉 Suriname expat tax guide

Switzerland

There's no federal wealth tax, but every canton taxes your net worldwide wealth each year at its own rates. Household goods aren't taxed. On CHF 1m of investments it's about CHF 2,000 a year in Zurich and CHF 900 in Zug. Lump-sum taxation, for foreign nationals who don't work in Switzerland, replaces tax on your income and wealth with tax on your living costs, at a federal minimum base of CHF 435,000.

The wealth tax moves Retirees from Good to Moderate (about 8.8% in Zurich) and Investment income from Good to Moderate (about 7.2%). Crypto gains are tax free by law, but holdings count for wealth tax, so Crypto is Good rather than Excellent.

👉 Federal Tax Administration (ESTV): wealth tax for individuals, 2026 edition (in German)

👉 Switzerland expat tax guide

Tunisia

Tunisia's wealth tax started on 1 January 2026. The rate is 0.5% where your net assets are worth TND 3 million to TND 5 million, and 1% above TND 5 million; the law doesn't say whether each rate applies to the whole value or only the slice above the threshold. Residents pay on assets in Tunisia and abroad, non-residents only on Tunisian assets. Your main home, business assets, cars of 12 fiscal horsepower or less and bank and post office deposits are exempt (the texts don't say whether deposits abroad qualify). You declare and pay by the end of June.

A US$1m portfolio was TND 2.995 million at the Central Bank rate when we checked, just under the threshold, so we haven't applied the rule: Investment income is Moderate at about 22.2%. If your assets reach TND 3 million, it would be Poor. Crypto is Poor: there are no crypto rules, but a gain taxed on the 0% to 40% scale would cost about 38.1%.

👉 Tax administration: note commune 13 of 2026 on the wealth tax (in Arabic)

👉 Tunisia expat tax guide

Uruguay

Uruguay has a net wealth tax (Impuesto al Patrimonio), but it only reaches assets in Uruguay. The tax-free amount for 2025 was UYU 6,653,000 (about US$166,000) for an individual, doubled for a family, and half the value of your main home is deducted, up to a limit.

Foreign portfolios are outside it, so we haven't lowered the ratings: Investment income is Excellent at 0% during the 11-year tax holiday, and Crypto is Good. Retirees is also 0% during the holiday but rated Good, because heirs, including a spouse or children, pay a property transfer tax of 3% to 4% on Uruguayan property passing on death.

👉 DGI: wealth tax guide for individuals, 2025 (in Spanish)

👉 Uruguay expat tax guide

How wealth tax changes the ratings

☑️ Wealth tax countries: TaxPilot ratings in 2026

Percentages are the all-in tax on each scenario, including wealth tax where it applies. Crypto is shown as a rating only, because several countries have no clear crypto rules. Algeria and Tunisia have none, but a gain would most likely go on their income tax scales at over 30%, so both are Poor. Bolivia and Uruguay are 0% for retirees but rated Good, because a spouse or children pay a death tax there.

Other taxes on wealth that aren't on this list

A few countries tax part of what you own without having a general wealth tax. We don't count these as wealth taxes in the ratings:

• Belgium: a tax of 0.15% a year on securities accounts worth more than €1 million.

• Moldova: 0.8% a year on homes in Moldova worth at least 3,480,000 lei in 2026 and at least 120 square metres in total. It doesn't reach other assets.

• Netherlands: box 3 taxes a deemed return on savings and investments above €59,357. It isn't formally a wealth tax, but on shares and crypto it costs 2.16% a year of the value above the tax-free amount.

• Hungary: a draft wealth tax of 1% a year above HUF 1 billion (about US$3.1 million), rising to 1.5% above HUF 100 billion, was published on 6 October 2026. Proposed, not law.

Traps and what to check

• Residence for wealth tax can differ from income tax. Bolivia doesn't tax foreign income at all, but more than 183 days in any 12 months makes your worldwide wealth taxable.

• Check the valuation date. Colombia, Suriname and France's IFI look at what you own on 1 January, Bolivia at 31 December.

• Thresholds in local currency move. Bolivia's Bs 30 million fell to about US$2.6m after the float, and Argentina's threshold is updated for inflation each year.

• Couples and families. Norway doubles the thresholds for married couples, and Uruguay doubles the tax-free amount for a family.

• Relief for newcomers. France taxes new arrivals on French property only for about five years. Switzerland and Liechtenstein offer lump-sum taxation on living costs to people who don't work there, though Liechtenstein property stays under its normal wealth tax.

• Leaving has a cost in some countries. France, Norway and Spain also have exit taxes on large shareholdings, and Norway's three-year rule can keep long-term residents taxable after they go.

• Inheritance tax is separate. France charges children 5% to 45% after €100,000 each, while Liechtenstein and Norway have no inheritance tax.

• Watch proposals. Colombia, Norway and Hungary all have changes on the table for 2027. None of them is law yet.

Frequently asked questions

Which countries have a wealth tax in 2026?

Of the 153 countries TaxPilot covers, 13 have one: Algeria, Argentina, Bolivia, Colombia, France, Italy, Liechtenstein, Norway, Spain, Suriname, Switzerland, Tunisia and Uruguay. France only taxes property, Italy only assets held abroad and Uruguay only assets in Uruguay.

Which country has the highest wealth tax?

Bolivia has the highest top rate on our list: 2.4% (less Bs 600,000) on net wealth above Bs 50 million. It only starts at Bs 30 million, about US$2.6m, and the next highest rates are 1.5% in Colombia and in France's property-only IFI.

Which countries in Europe have a wealth tax?

Spain, Norway and Switzerland tax residents' net worldwide wealth, and Liechtenstein adds 4% of your net wealth to your taxable income. France taxes only property through the IFI, and Italy charges IVAFE and IVIE on assets held abroad.

Does France still have a wealth tax?

Only on property. The IFI applies when your net real estate is worth more than €1.3 million on 1 January, at 0.5% to 1.5%, and new arrivals pay it only on French property for their first five years. France expat tax guide

Does Spain have a wealth tax?

Yes, on net worldwide assets above €700,000 per person plus €300,000 for your main home. Catalonia uses a €500,000 threshold and Valencia €2 million, while Madrid, Andalucía and four other regions give 100% relief below €3 million, above which a national solidarity tax applies.

Does the UK have a wealth tax?

No, the UK isn't one of the 13 countries with a wealth tax. Its main tax on wealth is inheritance tax: 40% above £325,000, with foreign assets in scope once you've been resident for 10 of the last 20 years. UK expat tax guide

Can I avoid wealth tax by moving to a country without one?

Usually only once you stop being resident. Residents pay on worldwide assets in most of these countries, and non-residents in Argentina, Bolivia, Colombia and Tunisia still pay on assets held there. Check the exit rules first: France, Norway and Spain have exit taxes on large shareholdings.

Where to go next

👉 Best countries for investors

👉 Best countries for retirees

👉 Best countries for crypto tax

👉 Countries with an exit tax

👉 Hardest countries to stop being tax resident

👉 Lowest-tax countries for expats: 153 ranked

👉 Spain expat tax guide

👉 Switzerland expat tax guide

👉 Norway expat tax guide